Accommodations+Involving+Interactive+Instruction

= Accommodations Involving Interactive Instruction =

n Use explicit teaching procedures.
n Before Instruction n Note time allocated for instruction (e.g., total instructional time and estimated time for teacher-directed instruction). n Determine lesson objective(e.g., The student will be able to …). n List preskills to review (e.g., “Before we begin, let’s review …”). n During Instruction n Frame lesson (e.g., “Today we’re going learn …”; “This is important because …”). n Present target skill (e.g., “Listen and watch as I show you …”). n Guide practice (e.g., “Let’s try this one together.”). n Correct errors and provide feedback (e.g., correct response – “That’s right”; hesitant response – “Good” and repeat rule or procedure; and incorrect or no response – use prompts on process errors and model correct response on factual errors). n Prepare for independent practice (e.g., “Let’s do the first one together.”). n After Instruction n Monitor independent practice (e.g., circulate throughout the room and provide feedback to students through brief interactions). n Review new skills (e.g., review skills at the end of the lesson and systematically throughout the instructional year). == n Repeat directions. – Students who have difficulty following directions often are helped by asking them to repeat the directions in their own words.  == n If directions contain several steps, break down the directions into subsets. n Simplify directions by presenting only one portion at a time and by writing each portion on the chalkboard as well as stating it orally. n When using written directions, be sure that students are able to read and understand the words as well as comprehend the meaning of the sentences. == n Maintain daily routines. – Many students with learning problems need the structure of daily routines to know and do what is expected.  == == n Provide copy of lecture notes. – The teacher can give a copy of lecture notes to students who have difficulty taking notes during presentations.  == == n Provide students with a graphic organizer. – An outline, chart, or blank web can be given to students to fill in during presentations. This helps students listen for key information and see the relationships among concepts and related information.  == == n Use step-by-step instruction. – New or difficult information can be presented in small sequential steps. This helps learners with limited prior knowledge who need explicit or part-to-whole instruction. <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> == == n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Combine verbal and visual information. – <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Verbal information can be provided with visual displays. <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> == == n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Write key points or words on the chalkboard. – <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Prior to a presentation, the teacher can write new vocabulary words and key points on the chalkboard or an overhead transparency. <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> == == n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Use balanced presentations and activities. – <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">An effort should be made to balance oral presentations with visual information and participatory activities. Also, there should be a balance between large-group, small-group, and individual activities. <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> ==

n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Use mnemonic instruction.
=== n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">In a review of the literature, Wolgemuth, Cobb, and Alwell (2008) strongly support the use of mnemonic strategies for students with disabilities across settings. === == n <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Emphasize daily review. – <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">Daily reviews of previous learning or lessons can help students connect new information with prior knowledge. ==